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Albanians - Wikipedia. Albanians. Shqiptar. United States. 19. However approximately 5. Albanian identity. Of those with full or partial Albanian ancestry and others who have adopted Turkish language, culture and identity their number is estimated at 1,3. Albanian. The term is also used to refer to the citizens of the Republic of Albania.

The majority of Albanians are nominally Muslims (mainly Sunni, with a smaller Shia, Sufi and Bektashi component), and a minority are nominally Christians (Catholic and Orthodox). Albanians produced many prominent figures such as Skanderbeg, leader of the medieval Albanian resistance to the Ottoman conquest and others during the Albanian National Awakening seeking self- determination. During the 1. 7th and 1. Albanians in large numbers converted to Islam, often to escape higher taxes levied on Christian subjects. Albanians within Yugoslavia underwent periods of discrimination and eventual self- determination that concluded with the breakup of that state in the early 1. Albanians living in new countries and Kosovo. Outside the southwestern Balkans of where Albanians have traditionally been located, Albanian populations through the course of history have formed new communities contributing to the cultural, economic, social and political life of their host populations and countries while also at times assimilating too.

Between the 1. 1th and 1. Albanians migrated from the area of contemporary Albania to escape either various socio- political difficulties and/or the Ottoman conquest. Smaller populations dating to migrations during the 1.

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Croatia's Dalmatian coast and scattered communities across southern Ukraine. One of these is located in Turkey. It was formed during the Ottoman era through economic migration and early years of the Turkish Republic through migration due to sociopolitical discrimination and violence experienced by Albanians in Balkan countries. Other Albanians populations due to emigration between the 1.

Date Awake People Through the Best Online Free Awake Dating Site, visit Awake Dating. 1 502,546 Albanian citizens, an additional 43,751 Kosovo Albanians and 260,000 Arbëreshë people. 2 Albanians are not recognized as a minority in Turkey.

Australia, Argentina, New Zealand, Canada, Germany, Belgium, United Kingdom, France, Sweden, Switzerland, Slovenia, Croatia, Italy, Finland, Denmark, Norway, Austria, Netherlands, Bulgaria, Greece and Romania. Ethnonym. The Albanians (Shqiptar. The most common native ethnonym is Shqiptar, pl. He referred to them as Albanoi having taken part in a revolt against the Byzantine Empire in 1. Arbanitai as subjects of the duke of Dyrrachium (modern Durr.

This fragment of a legend from the time of Tsar Samuel endeavours, in a catechismal 'question and answer' form, to explain the origins of peoples and languages. It divides the world into seventy- two languages and three religious categories: Orthodox, half- believers (i. The Albanians find their place among the nations of half- believers. If the dating of Grujic is accepted, which is based primarily upon the contents of the text as a whole, this would be the earliest written document referring to the Albanians as a people or language group. Of them, there are five Orthodox languages: Bulgarian, Greek, Syrian, Iberian (Georgian) and Russian. Three of these have Orthodox alphabets: Greek, Bulgarian and Iberian. There are twelve languages of half- believers: Alamanians, Franks, Magyars (Hungarians), Indians, Jacobites, Armenians, Saxons, Lechs (Poles), Arbanasi (Albanians), Croatians, Hizi, Germans.

The first undisputed mention of Albanians in the historical record is attested in Byzantine source for the first time in 1. History by Byzantine historian Michael Attaliates, who referred to the Albanoi as having taken part in a revolt against Constantinople in 1. Arbanitai as subjects of the duke of Dyrrachium. It is disputed, however, whether the . Finally the Principality was dissolved in 1.

Around 1. 23. 0 the two main centers of Albanian settlements, one around Devoll river in what is now central Albania. A Byzantine counteroffensive soon ensued, which drove the Angevins out of the interior by 1. The Sicilian Vespers further weakened the position of Charles, and the Kingdom was soon reduced by the Epirotes to a small area around Durr. The kingdom however held out until 1. Karl Thopia. The presence of the kingdom reinforced the influence of Catholicism and the conversion to its rite, not only in the region of Durr. Those who were not Catholic in Central and North Albania converted and a great number of Albanian clerics and monks were present in the Dalmatian Catholic institutions. These included Principality of Kastrioti, Principality of Dukagjini, Princedom of Albania, and Principality of Gjirokast.

At the beginning of the 1. Serbian Empire. Some of these principalities were united in 1. League of Lezha. Albanians under the Ottoman Empire.

At the dawn of the establishment of the Ottoman Empire in Southeast Europe, the geopolitical landscape was marked by scattered kingdoms of small principalities. The Ottomans erected their garrisons throughout southern Albania by 1. Albania by 1. 43. Skanderbeg united initially the Albanian princes and later established a centralized authority over most of the non- conquered territories, becoming Lord of Albania. Ugandan Christian Dating Site.

He also tried relentlessly but rather unsuccessfully to create a European coalition against the Ottomans. He frustrated every attempt by the Turks to regain Albania, which they envisioned as a springboard for the invasion of Italy and western Europe. His unequal fight against the mightiest power of the time won the esteem of Europe as well as some support in the form of money and military aid from Naples, the papacy, Venice, and Ragusa. Albanians were recruited all over Europe as a light cavalry known as stratioti. The stratioti were pioneers of light cavalry tactics during this era.

In the early 1. 6th century heavy cavalry in the European armies was principally remodeled after Albanian stradioti of the Venetian army, Hungarian hussars and German mercenary cavalry units (Schwarzreitern). The Ottomans proceeded in stages, first appointing a qadi along with governors and then military retainers in the cities. Timar holders, not necessarily converts to Islam, would occasionally rebel, the most famous case of which is Skanderbeg. His figure would be used later in the 1.

Albanian national identity. Ottoman control over the Albanian territories was secured in 1. Ulcinj, presently in Montenegro, was captured. Initially confined to the main city centres of Elbasan and Shkod. In the 1. 7th century, however, Catholic conversion to Islam increased, even in the countryside. The motives for conversion according to scholars were diverse, depending on the context. The lack of source- material does not help when investigating such issues.

Many Albanians gained prominent positions in the Ottoman government such as: Iljaz Hoxha, Hamza Kastrioti, Koca Davud Pasha, Za. During the Ottoman era Albanians involved in imperial service could also be found across the empire in Egypt, Algeria and across the Maghreb as vital military and administrative retainers.

Because of the higher degree of Islamic influence, the Albanians internal social divisions, and the fear that they would lose their Albanian- populated lands to the emerging Balkan states—Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, and Greece—were the last of the Balkan peoples to desire division from the Ottoman Empire. An estimated 2. 2 million Albanians live in the territory of Former Yugoslavia, the greater part (close to two million) in Kosovo. This triggered a 7. NATO campaign in 1. Now Albanians in Kosovo constitute the majority with 1,6.

Culturally, Albanians in Kosovo are very closely related to Albanians in Albania. Traditions and customs differ even from town to town in Kosovo itself. The spoken dialect is Gheg, typical of northern Albanians. The language of state institutions, education, books, media and newspapers is the standard dialect of Albanian, which is closer to the Tosk dialect. Greece. An estimated 2.

Albanians live in Greece, forming the largest immigrant community in the country. Most Cham Albanians converted to Islam during the Ottoman era.

Muslim Chams were expelled from Greece during World War II, by an anti- communist resistance group, as a result of their participation in a communist resistance group and the collaboration with the Axis occupation, while Orthodox Chams have largely assimilated into the Greek nation. Republic of Macedonia.

Serbia. Montenegro. Europe. Further information: Arb. They are in great numbers in North and Latin America, especially in the USA, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay and Canada. After the breakdown of the communist regime in Albania in 1.

Italy had been the main immigration target for Albanians leaving their country. This was because Italy had been a symbol of the West for many Albanians during the communist period, because of its geographic proximity. There are small Albanian populations dating to migrations from the 1.

One group known as the Arbanas are located on Croatia's Dalmatian coast and fled Ottoman repression. Most members of the community live in Bucharest. Most families in Romania are Orthodox and trace their origins to the area around Kor. These are mainly refugees from Kosovo that migrated during the Kosovo war. During the Kosovo war in 1. Kosovo Albanians sought asylum in the Federal Republic of Germany. By the end of 1. 99.

Kosovo Albanians in Germany was about 4. The cities with the largest population of Germans of Albanian descent are the metropolitan regions of Berlin, Hamburg, Munich and Stuttgart. In Berlin in 1. 99. Albanians; the number dropped because of remigration and Germany's general population decline. In Sweden, Albanians number approximately 5. As of 2. 01. 1 there are approximately 1. Albanians living in the United Kingdom.

Middle East. The Albanian diaspora in Turkey was formed during the Ottoman era through economic migration and early years of the Turkish republic through migration due to sociopolitical discrimination and violence experienced by Albanians in Balkan countries.