None of that is a knock on Temple. If Texas and Virginia Tech can hire American Athletic Conference coaches, as they have in the last year, and Oregon can be looking.

Tejas > Caddo Fundamentals > Caddo Life. Caddo Economy. The first Spanish and French visitors to the. Caddo Homeland encountered thriving communities whose livelihood. Archeological. evidence indicates that a mixed economy was characteristic.

Caddo ancestors for at least a thousand years, probably. Most accounts of Caddo life emphasize agriculture. The central. role played by farming also helps explain why Caddo settlements. Caddo lived among their fields and gardens. In historic times, corn (also called.

The Caddo grew several varieties. Corn was dried on the cob and stored. Corn also figured. Successful. fall harvests occasioned major festivals at the principal.

Temple football coach Matt Rhule is leaving the school to take the head coaching job at Baylor.

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These drew kinfolk and allies near and far for several- day. Caddo life: feasting, tobacco- smoking, black- tea- drinking. Other important crops included beans (five or.

Fray Casa. The Caddo quickly adopted crops. Europeans, including watermelon and peaches. Farming was also. Fields were owned by the community.

Planting. and harvesting were community projects that moved from plot. Wild plants, game, and fish were also vital. Wild plants included nuts (hickory, walnut. Throughout most of. Caddo history, the favorite game animal hunted by Caddo men. Deer provided most of the. Deer also figured prominently in Caddo dance.

Buffalo were hunted on extended trips west. Caddo acquired horses. Turkeys, rabbits, and various other. Caddo living. along productive waters caught fish, turtles, and other aquatic.

Bear were hunted for food, fur, and especially for. French. Three factors seem to underlie the long- term. Caddo economy: diverse natural resources. Caddo peoples relied on many different wild. These changed in importance from place to place. When crops failed, the Caddo turned to wild plant foods. They had many ways of storing food to.

They dried corn, beans, pumpkins. They smoked fish and other meats. Along the Red River west. Great Bend, some Caddo groups used underground storage. Plains neighbors. From. river cane and certain barks and grasses, Caddo women wove. Out of clay they.

Bear fat, for instance, was rendered and stored. Through such methods the Caddo survived thick.

Agriculture was central to Caddo life when Caddo. Europeans, but this wasn't. Early Caddo ancestors were hunters, gatherers. By 2,0. 00 years ago. Caddo groups began to cultivate. Eastern Woodlands by about 2. B. C. We aren't certain.

Woodland sites in the Caddo. Homeland. But there is little reason to doubt that native. Caddo. At first these native seed plants would have. The native seed. crops were probably sown broadly in minimally cleared plots. The real labor was in the. Goosefoot and marsh elder had small seeds and. All had to be carefully cleaned and separated.

These native seeds tasted bland. Gradually. farming became more important, but was probably still secondary. Even though early. Later, we aren't sure exactly when, the Caddo. Mesoamerica. and already adopted by farming peoples in the American Southwest. Corn first appears at Caddo sites around A.

D. 8. 00. but may not have become a mainstay of the economies of most. A. D. The reason for this lag is unknown. Christian Dating Service Wyoming.

Southeast. including the lower Mississippi valley. By 8. 00 years ago (A. D. But the payoff.

Perhaps even more important was the fact that. Small wonder. that corn became the economic lynchpin of Caddo life, celebrated. There was a downside; eating lots of corn. Trade was also an important part of the. Caddo economy, at least in historic times. Caddo groups traded. Caddo Homeland among each other.

The best- known Caddo trade goods were. Salt was obtained in various places. Caddo Homeland where saltwater springs or seeps were. Caddo salt workers concentrated the salt brine by. For instance, in the spring.

French explorers encountered Ouachita Caddos paddling. Red River, on their way. Taensa peoples living along the Mississippi. Bois d'arc is the best bow wood. Rockies and the Cadohadacho groups may. By late prehistoric times the natural.

Red River valley, just upstream. Texarkana. Bois d'arc does not grow well among other trees. By the time. Europeans arrived, the main remnant bois d'arc population. Caddo Homeland at the edge of the. Blackland Prairie. The reintroduction of horses and Anglo- American.

U. S. Farmers planted. The role of the bow- wood trade in Caddo history. Arkansas. archeologist Frank Schambach has put forth the intriguing. Mississippian traders (ancestral Tunica). Spiro who established trading posts within the Caddo. Homeland. The idea that foreign, non- Caddo intruders controlled. Caddo territory, such as the Sanders site.

Red River in Lamar County, has not been accepted by. Caddo scholars (nor by the Caddo Nation). For instance. the state archeologists of both Arkansas (Ann Early) and Oklahoma. Robert Brooks) have taken issue with Schambach's argument.

Regardless of who controlled the bow- wood trade. Caddo history. than has been recognized. The Caddo Homeland is, after. Southeast and the Plains as well. Southwest, three major culture areas and ecological. Dried buffalo. meat and buffalo hides from the Plains were traded widely. Gulf of Mexico shells from the Southeast, as well.

Gulf of. California from the Southwest. Websites For Dating Indians here. The spectacular wealth entombed. Craig Mound at Spiro (about A. D. 1. 35. 0- 1. 45. Caddo groups to. the south were also major players, particularly in the centuries. Spiro as a major center. In the early. 1. 8th century, the French quickly enlisted the Caddo as trading.

Caddo Ritual and Religion In the late 1. Hasinai were said. Caddi Ayo or. Ayo- Caddi- Aymay, sometimes translated as . The natural. world of the Caddo was, however, inhabited by many other kinds. The Caddo followed many ritual practices.

Matters religious. The xinesi or head priest lived in a. Hainai (chief Hasinai group) community. Neche and Hainai communities. Either way, the xinesi lived.

Hasinai temple within which burned a perpetual. There were apparently other, lesser fire temples. Hainai groups, watched over by lesser priests or. Similar temples were also described among the. Cadohadacho and, archeological evidences suggests this was. Caddo practice. The Hasinai fire temple was a very large.

Nearby was one or two small houses where. These children served as intermediaries between the. Caddi Ayo and were only visible to the xinesi. Spanish priests ridiculed and cited.

Caddo religion. Nonetheless. Native American. religions. The xinesi was aided by other priests or shamans. While most priests. The Spanish. accounts are not clear on how the Caddo priesthood was organized.

Caddo life was seen as dependent on the proper. If successful, the deer could not be butchered. Similarly important rituals were. Young and old women took part. There were also first fruit or green corn ceremonies.

The connas, the Caddo medicine men or. While the Spanish were.

Many of the curing ceremonies involved practices the. Spanish associated with the devil. The Spanish priest Espinosa. Bolton describes one such event. To cure a patient they make a large fire. This palillo . Before touching it they drink their. Infierno, or song of the damned, for only in.

Inferno will the discordant gibberish which the quack sets. This ceremony lasts from midafternoon. The quack interpolates his song by applying. It is unlikely that the medical practices of. Europe would be viewed by us today as any more.

Caddo. The Spanish and French witnessed and sometimes harshly. Caddo society that had a complex and quite sophisticated. It is only to be expected that the two worlds were.